Bias testing across protected groups together: Beyond validation of predictive performance, which combination

Bias testing across protected groups plus interpretability analysis directly target fairness and the explainability that stakeholder trust depends on.

The question

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1. Load testing and failover testing, which confirm the service stays available but say nothing about who the model disadvantages most.

   Plausible as part of a full suite, but availability tests say nothing about fairness or explainability.
2. Bias testing across protected groups together with interpretability analysis, so outcomes can be examined for disparity and then explained. ✓

   Correct: bias testing surfaces disparate outcomes and interpretability lets those outcomes be explained, directly serving fairness and trust.
3. Unit testing and integration testing, which verify that the software components work together but not whether predictions are fair or explainable.

   Plausible and necessary, but these check software correctness, not disparate impact or transparency.
4. Penetration testing and security testing, which harden the system against attackers but do not surface any demographic disparities.

   Plausible for a hiring system's threat model, but security tests do not address fairness or interpretability.

How to remember it

Bias testing across protected groups plus interpretability analysis directly target fairness and the explainability that stakeholder trust depends on.

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