Test proxy effects and revise affected features: Which control most directly addresses the concern?
Indirectly correlated features require proxy analysis and feature mitigation, not merely accuracy, lineage, or another held-out split.
The question
A manufacturing quality model uses supplier location and shift timing. Both correlate with a protected workforce characteristic, although the protected characteristic is not directly included. Overall accuracy, provenance, privacy, and held-out testing are otherwise adequate. Which control most directly addresses the concern?
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- Test proxy effects and revise affected features ✓Analyzing proxy relationships and revising features directly addresses indirect discrimination while preserving attention to performance across groups.
- Document supplier-feature transformations and versionsLineage documentation improves traceability, but it does not evaluate whether operational features act as discriminatory proxies.
- Create a new held-out set from later production shiftsA later held-out set tests generalization, but may retain the same proxy relationships without diagnosing or mitigating them.
- Increase the model’s overall accuracyHigher aggregate accuracy could still depend on proxy relationships and conceal unequal errors across affected workforce groups.
The trap
The absence of a protected attribute does not settle discrimination when included features may encode it indirectly. How to remember it
Indirectly correlated features require proxy analysis and feature mitigation, not merely accuracy, lineage, or another held-out split.
How many of these would you get right?
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