A design-defect theory: Which product-liability theory most directly fits a flaw inherent in the design?

A systematic flaw inherent in the device's design is a design defect under product-liability law.

The question

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1. A manufacturing-defect theory, alleging that a single deployed copy diverged from the maker's validated production design build.

   Almost right but wrong: a manufacturing defect is unit-specific, not a systematic design flaw.
2. A failure-to-warn theory resting only on the vendor omitting a written warning about the device's retail price.

   Wrong: price disclosure is not a safety warning and is unrelated to product-liability harm.
3. A design-defect theory, alleging the diagnostic logic was unreasonably unsafe as designed for its intended clinical use. ✓

   Correct: a systematic flaw inherent in the design across all units is a design defect.
4. A pure economic-loss theory, alleging the hospital simply overpaid for a device that merely underperformed in use.

   Wrong: patient injury is physical harm, not pure economic loss from an underperforming purchase.

How to remember it

A systematic flaw inherent in the device's design is a design defect under product-liability law.

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